Paramecium Concentration Device!

Food, feeding and diet.
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Vale!
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[I've mentioned elsewhere that I've been revisiting Paramecium culture but I think today's development may deserve its own thread.]

Having discovered that some of my fishy residents respond positively to Parameciums I wanted to go into production, as it were. The problem this time round is that their productivity is noticeably reduced when in raw reverse osmosis (RO) water. Some remineralisation seems necessary. The best results I've had of late were with a water recipe for an invertebrate tank ; however one of its ingredients is sodium bicarbonate (aka KH) - which I don't want in my tanks if possible.

I've eventually settled on a 50:50 mix of RO and that invert recipe. As an aside: I add two drops each (from a 5ml syringe) of Seachem's Fresh Trace and Waterlife's Vitazin per litre. The dilution obviously halves the amount of KH that's added to a tank along with a bunch of Parameciums ; but I wanted to do very much better if I could.

My first attempt at filtering out the little blighters from a culture was with my 53-micron sieve. It was geologically slow even with stirring and let too many of the smaller critters through. I then tried coffee filter paper and a funnel but, again, hordes of youths wriggled past security. Then I resorted to YouTube ...


I'm indebted to YouTuber "Kole Scapes" for posting a video which this morning inspired me to construct a Heath-Robinson device which I hope will work! I'll be able to test it tomorrow when the silicone sealant (which I added as an afterthought) has gone off.

I began to copy his method which uses a Kilner jar and laboratory filter paper with a max pore size of 20 microns. I didn't have any of the latter in my museum so bought a box of 100 via Amazon. So ...


We finished off a nearly-empty, 1-litre Kilner jar of home-made chutney and I got a glass ready (could be any other suitable receptacle to catch the waste water) plus those filter paper discs :

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The lid's insert thingy was removed ...

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... and a disc of the right size to replace the lid insert was cut out of a piece of the filter paper. Here I had used the twisty-off bit of the lid as a template but it worked very much better when later I drew around the insert :

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I installed the now-smaller paper disc in the twisty-off bit and then chose a culture to experiment with. At the moment, while I'm still working towards the 'cleanest' culture I can reasonably manage, I have numerous bottles littering the place. I chose this one (the one with the torch behind it) for my first attempt :

[Wide view]
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[Close-up]
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I passed the bottle's contents into the Kilner jar through an Artemia sieve to remove the bigger bits of grot ...

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... and then screwed the top (with its paper disc replacing the metal insert) back on the jar which was then inverted and set over the glass/receptacle.

Filtration is everso slow. However the game-changing strategy that Kole Scapes demonstrates in his video employs a syringe to inject air into the jar from underneath, through the filter paper (thus creating pressure). Too much pressure of course bursts the paper, but I didn't even reach that stage! Apparently I haven't a steady-enough hand to enable me to press the syringe's nozzle hard enough against the paper to get bubbles into the jar without quickly puncturing it! So I devised a work-around ...


I bored a 6mm hole in the bottom of the jar with a tubular drill bit. However I didn't want to use any of the usual (potentially nasty) lubricants so I experimented with silicone grease. It worked a treat and was considerably less messy than (say) paraffin :

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Acetone seemed to clean up the wound pretty well. But I now have a core of glass stuck inside the drill bit which has resisted every effort made so far to extract it! Anyway ...


I fixed a length of acrylic tube into the hole with Bondic :

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From prior experience I was pretty sure that I'd have an airtight seal already but added a smear of silicone sealant just in case. The rig was completed with a length of airline and a syringe :

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I'll test it tomorrow and report back. Fingers crossed!
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This is the first attempt in progress :

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When the syringe's piston was depressed, and then let go of, of course it was immediately pushed back by the pressure inside the jar - thus defeating the object! So yesterday, as you can see, I used masking tape to fix the piston in the fully-depressed position ; this morning I put a non-return valve in the line instead.

One distinct advantage that Kole Scapes' has over my interpretation is that blowing bubbles through the filter paper could temporarily relieve any pore-clogging that may be going on. I figured that I could get at least some bubbly relief if the rigid airline were longer, so that the business end was nearly touching the paper. To put a new (longer) pipe in would involve quite a bit of wrestling and might risk cracking the jar so I opted to extend the existing one :

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The mess of airline and valves was to enable me to compare the effects of pressure alone versus bubbly agitation. I couldn't get my brain to co-operate in figuring out how to do both at the same time, which would have been ideal. I toyed with the idea of drilling two holes in the bottom of a jar ; that would work but I've no confidence that I could do it without mishap. Maybe I'll give it a go sometime, just in case!

I became quite adept at bursting the filter paper and having to reset everything. I tried using two filter discs and that was noticeably more resistant to my efforts but was slower. So I went back to using one and tried to teach myself how to gauge the optimum amount of air to inject. I got pretty good at it! As the jar empties, so more air needs to be injected ; I've ordered a 50ml syringe to make this more convenient and am crossing fingers that I can get an airline around its nozzle - I can't manage that with the 60ml syringe I have in stock!

When the liquid in the jar (I'm going to use convention and call it 'residue' because I can't think of a better alternative at the moment) had reduced by around 75% I stopped and poured the residue into a fresh glass. I used 10mls of the filtrate to wash off the filter paper disc back into the residue, then cut up the disc and placed a bit in a tank (Sheba 1). There was strong interest for maybe ten minutes then most of the customers drifted away. Here's the first customer who showed up :

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He was joined quickly by several mates and by three of the licorice gourami fry. The latter don't know me yet so they fled when I appeared with a camera - I was so close to getting a shot as well!

I took a look at the filtrate ...

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.. and contrary to expectations I couldn't find any Parameciums in it. I only looked at six different drops so I might well have missed them, but that was good enough to demonstrate that filtration was happening as advertised. I guess I should set the date and time on the microscope at some point!

The filtrate did contain loads of tiny things that looked like tasty morsels for discerning micro-palates so I donated it to an invert tank.


The residue, on the other hand, was pretty thick with Parameciums. This photo isn't nearly as good as the one that I apparently didn't take (having arranged the lighting to have the critters appear in silhouette) so it'll have to do, however useless it is :

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A single drop contained dozens of the creatures - this still (x40 mag) from the video that I can't be bothered to process doesn't really do it justice :

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I will continue to play and will report back if there's anything of significance.
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Vale! wrote: Mon Nov 27, 2023 20:26 pm I will continue to play and will report back if there's anything of significance.
Sound dangerous, think you'd better inform the International Atomic Energy Agency first. :grin:
WARNING - DO NOT BREED, FEED OR PET THE PUDDLE! :dodgy2:
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Good point Spuddles! (May I call you Spuddles?). I'll try to remember to do that. In the meantime ...

This is the current state of the rig :

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I can now inject air without having to remove the syringe to refill it with air.

I'm currently trying to find a material that's more robust than paper. There are nylon or polypropylene screens of 90mm diameter with a pore size of 20μm but they're horrendously expensive. Investigation continues ...
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Some time back I was looking to make a filter with pores small small enough to remove suspended algae from water, I needed a fairly big bag and gave up as it was b2b sellers only.
As it happened I found out a chap I was having a drink with was a specialist filter salesman but he couldn't help either.
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Would a ringsock not do that job, LoT?

I bought a pack of 5-micron socks from Amazon. Want me to play? Or is that project now just history for you?
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